Mell What is meant by Zener avalanche breakdown?
Valence electrons which break free under the influence of the applied electric field can be accelerated enough that they can knock loose other electrons and the subsequent collisions quickly become an avalanche. This process of sudden release of electrons is known as zener breakdown.
What is avalanche breakdown in analog electronics?
The avalanche breakdown is something that occurs when a reverse biased diode (positive voltage on the cathode, negative voltage on the anode) has such a strong reverse voltage on it that the electromagnetic field starts accelerating electrons toward the depletion region.
What is done for the Zener breakdown?
Zener breakdown occurs when the electric field near the junction becomes large enough to excite valence electrons directly into the conduction band.
What is tunneling in Zener breakdown?
Sufficiently strong electric fields enable tunneling of electrons across the depletion region of a semiconductor, leading to numerous free charge carriers. This sudden generation of carriers rapidly increases the reverse current and gives rise to the high slope conductance of the Zener diode.
What happens reverse breakdown?
Zener breakdown occurs because of the increase in the electric field. High electric field increases break the covalent bonds which result in the increase of charge carriers. More covalent bonds are broken during the travel. This produces a high reverse current.
What are the dangers of an avalanche?
The Potential Hazards. An avalanche can go as fast as 120 miles per hour, a force that can easily sweep you into trees and rocks, pull you over cliffs and tangle you in your ski or snowboard equipment. Nearly one–third of avalanche deaths are the result of trauma.
What to do before an avalanche?
Any evacuation made necessary by the avalanche danger will be directed and conducted by the local authorities. You can prepare for an evacuation by taking the following action: Keep warm clothing and sturdy winter footwear ready to hand. Pack a small rucksack or travel bag with personal necessities.
What is the worst avalanche on recored?
The deadliest single avalanche on record took place on 13 December 1916, near the Gran Poz summit of Monte Marmolada, Italy.
What should you do in an avalanche?
During an avalanche. If you become caught in an avalanche, try to: Push machinery, equipment or heavy objects away from you to avoid injury. Grab onto anything solid (trees, rocks, etc.) to avoid being swept away. Keep your mouth closed and your teeth clenched.